The main objective of the course is to provide the basic knowledge of the concepts of hydrology and the water balance components of hydrological systems.
1. Definition and object of Hydrology. Brief historical background. Technical hydrology and hydraulic works. The hydrological cycle and the quantitative expression of its components. Watershed and hydrological balance.
2. Atmospheric precipitations. Meteorological framework. Barometry: Sizes and instruments. Point Rainfall Networks. Processing of rain gauge information. Rainfall on geographical area - altitude effect. Analysis of heavy rainfall - rain curves.
3. Evaporation and Breathing. Introductory concepts - radiation, temperature, relative humidity. Evaporation from water surface. Reference culture evapotranspiration.
4. Retention and infiltration. Retention components. Infiltration mechanism. Quantitative Infiltration Estimation - Horton Model. Philip method and sorptivity. Green-Ampt method. Overall losses assessment. Active rainfall. Index method F. Initial loss method. SCS method.
5. Surface runoff. Mechanisms and origin of surface runoff. Surface runoff components and their quantitative separation. Quantitative description of catchment characteristics. Hydrometry. Watershed modeling. Unit hydrogram.
