Energy systems and energy sources. Fluid machines classification. Thermodynamics and gas dynamics fundamentals. Operation and efficiency of fluid machines. Euler equation. Multi-stage turbines. Volumetric and dynamic compressors: operating maps, performance, power modulation and operation limits. Volumetric and dynamic pumps: operating maps, performance, power modulation and operation limits. Cavitation and highest suction limit. Thermal Power Plants: reference cycles, performance indices and overall efficiency. Steam Turbine plants: modifications of reference cycle, plant lay-out and features. Steam generators, Gas Turbine plants. Gas/Steam Combined Cycle Power Plants. Hydro plants. Internal combustion engines: reference cycles, principle of combustion and main emissions. Engine power and thermal balance. Load variation and performance curves. Plant lay-out and component characteristics. Electrolyzers and Fuel cells: Characteristics, polarization curves, efficiency, system layouts
