This module introduces the measurement and manipulation of process signals. The operation of analogue and digital sensors, and actuators is addressed. Programmable logic controllers are introduced.
Analog sensors and transducers encountered in control systems: Characteristics and operational considerations including range, accuracy, response time etc. thermal, position, velocity, flow, power, strain, level etc)
Signal conditioning and signal transmission systems: Noise in transmitted signals, pre-amplification, differential amplification, filtering. Analog control signal standards: 4-20mA, cabling, 3-wire and 4-wire circuits. Nulling, calibration and fault detection on sensor circuits.
Digital Sensors: Switching characteristics (speed, power rating, sensitivity and reliability of mechanical, electromechanical and electronic sensors. Transistor switches, gates and logic, photo- diodes, opto-couplers and encoders. Analog to digital and digital to analog conversion.
PLCs: Open loop control of simple actuators using PLCs.
Principles of feedback control: Benefits and disadvantages. Practical proportional control using standalone PID controllers, PLC, PC or industrial control networks.
